How do you tell what grit a grinding wheel is?
Detailed Explanation of Abrasive Grit Size: A Comprehensive Analysis from Coarse to Fine
Abrasive grit size, more accurately referred to as “particle size distribution,” is commonly denoted by terms like “CBN 80/100” or “100/120,” which actually represent a range of particle sizes, or a particle group. This range includes the coarsest particles, coarse particles, basic particles, fine particles, and the finest particles.
For example, 80/100 is a grit size designation, with a nominal size range of 150–180 μm. This means the abrasive particles in this range are sieved through two screens with mesh sizes of 180 μm and 150 μm, respectively.
Specifically:
- Particles retained on the upper limit screen are the coarsest particles (often referred to as oversized grains). These must be strictly controlled as they can easily cause defects like “scratches” on workpieces.
- Particles retained on the upper inspection screen are coarse particles.
- Particles retained on the lower inspection screen are basic particles.
- Particles passing through the lower inspection screen are fine particles.
- Particles passing through the lower limit screen are the finest particles.
By classifying and sieving abrasives in this manner, we ensure the grit size meets specific process requirements, thereby improving work efficiency and product quality.
How is the Grit Size of Silicon Carbide Classified?
Grit size is typically classified by mesh number or particle diameter. Below is a detailed explanation of silicon carbide grit size classification and its various applications:
1. Grit Size Classification of Silicon Carbide
A. Mesh Number Classification:
The mesh number refers to the number of abrasive particles per unit area or the number of particles that can pass through a sieve of a specific size. A higher mesh number indicates finer particles. Common mesh numbers for silicon carbide include 80, 100, 120, 150, 200, and 325, corresponding to particle sizes ranging from several hundred micrometers to tens of micrometers.
B. Particle Diameter Classification:
Particle diameter refers to the average size of silicon carbide grains, usually measured in millimeters (mm) or micrometers (μm). Based on particle size, silicon carbide can be divided into:
- Coarse grit: ≥3 mm
- Medium grit: 0.45–2.80 mm
- Fine grit: 0.18–1.00 mm
- Micro grit: <0.15 mm
2. Applications of Different Grit Sizes
- Coarse grit: Used for sandblasting, surface polishing of steel plates or concrete. Its large particle size allows for rapid removal of surface contaminants and oxidation layers, improving cleanliness and roughness.
- Medium grit: Suitable for mechanical polishing of metal parts and rough grinding of stainless steel plates. It balances cutting performance and surface finish.
- Fine grit: Used for precision grinding, producing high-gloss stainless steel products. It offers moderate cutting efficiency while ensuring good surface quality.
- Micro grit: Primarily for polishing fine details, such as steel components and high-end kitchenware. Its small particle size allows for smoothing microscopic surface irregularities.
Additionally, silicon carbide is used in manufacturing grinding wheels, sandpaper, abrasive cloths, and for cutting, grinding, and deburring applications.
What Are the Grit Size Symbols for Grinding Wheels?
Grinding wheel grit sizes are typically indicated by numbers and letters, such as #80 or F24.
Grinding wheels are essential abrasive tools widely used in industrial manufacturing, measuring instruments, glass processing, and furniture production. Different processes require wheels with varying grit sizes, making grit designation crucial. Common grit size standards include the U.S. standard (using #), European standard (F-series), and Japanese standard (F-series).
1. Grit Size Representation Methods
- # (U.S. Standard):
The # symbol followed by a number (e.g., #80, #100) indicates the average particle diameter in micrometers (μm). For example: - #80 = 180 μm
- 100 = 150 μm
- F (European/Japanese Standard):
The letter F followed by a number (e.g., F24, F36) denotes the average particle size in μm. For example: - F24 = 600 μm
- F36 = 425 μm
2. Selecting the Right Grit Size
- Coarse grit wheels are used for rough grinding where high material removal is needed.
- Fine grit wheels are used for finishing operations requiring smooth surfaces.
In summary, grinding wheel grit sizes are represented by # or F symbols, helping users select the appropriate wheel for their specific machining needs.
What Are the Common Mesh Sizes for Grinding Wheels?
Grinding wheel mesh sizes are categorized based on abrasive grit size:
- Common grit sizes: 40, 60, 80, 100, 120, 160 mesh.
Abrasive grit size refers to the particle dimensions of the abrasive material. It is divided into two categories:
- Grain abrasives (particles >40 μm):
- Classified by sieve method, where the grit number corresponds to the number of mesh openings per inch.
- Example: 60# means the particles pass through a sieve with 60 openings per inch.
- Micro powders (particles <40 μm):
- Classified by microscopic measurement, denoted by W + number (e.g., W20 = 20 μm).
This classification ensures precision in grinding and polishing applications.
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